Toyota 2KD-FTV Engine (2.5 D-4D) Specs
Here in this article, you will learn about the Toyota 2KD-FTV Engine (2.5 D-4D) Specs, its Performance, Cylinder Heads, Cam Specs & More, Let’s discuss the Toyota 2KD-FTV Engine (2.5 D-4D), Problems, Reliability, and Reviews.
Toyota debuted its line of diesel KD engines in the year 2000. First introduced in July 2000 in the Toyota Land Cruiser Prado for the Japanese market, the 1KD-FTV 3.0L was the first generation of the Toyota KD engine.
The 2KD-FTVs were the first of the second generation of KD engines to hit the market in 2002, and they featured a reduced displacement of 2.5 litres.
These two types of diesel are similar in that they each feature a straightforward 4-cylinder layout.
The original Toyota KDs were praised for their respectable torque numbers, low fuel consumption, and impressive power.
In spite of this, no engine is faultless. In this post, we’ll take a close look at the KD series of engines, analyzing their strengths, weaknesses, and general reliability and performance.
There is no such thing as a perfect engine, and the Toyota KDs have several obvious defects in their design. Below, we’ll dive more into the Toyota KD’s specifications, general dependability, and most frequent issues.
Engine Specifications | |
| Engine code | 2KD-FTV |
| Layout | Straight-4, vertical |
| Fuel type | Diesel |
| Production | – |
| Displacement | 2.5 L, 2,494 cm2, (152.2 cu·in) |
| Fuel system | Direct Injection 4-Stroke Common Rail Diesel Engine |
| Power adder | Turbocharger |
| Horsepower net | From 102 PS (75 kW; 100 HP) at 3,400 rpm to 144 PS (106 kW; 142 HP) at 3,400 rpm |
| Torque output | From 200 N·m (20.4 kg·m, 147.4 ft·lb) at 2,400 rpm to 343 N·m (35 kg·m, 252.8 ft·lb) at 2,800 rpm |
| Firing order | 1-3-4-2 |
| Dimensions (L x H x W): | – |
| Weight | |
Cylinder block | ||
| Cylinder block alloy | Cast-iron | |
| Compression ratio: | 18.5:1 | |
| Cylinder bore: | 92.0 mm (3.62 in) | |
| Piston stroke: | 93.8 mm (3.69 in) | |
| Number of piston rings (compression / oil): | 2 / 1 | |
| Number of main bearings: | 5 | |
| Cylinder bore inner diameter: | 92.000-92.030 mm (3.622-3.6232 in) | |
| Piston skirt diameter | 91.920-91.930 mm (3.6189-3.6193 in) | |
| Piston ring side clearance : | Top | 0.060-0.100 mm (0.0024-0.0039 in) |
| Second | 0.050-0.090 mm (0.002-0.0035 in) | |
| Oil | 0.030-0.070 mm (0.0012-0.0028 in) | |
| Piston ring end gap: | First | 0.270-0.510 mm (0.0106-0.0201 in) |
| Second | 0.470-0.740 mm (0.0185-0.0291 in) | |
| Oil | 0.200-0.400 mm (0.0079-0.0157 in) | |
| Piston pin outer diameter | 33.996-34.008 mm (1.3384-1.3389 in) | |
| Connecting rod small end diameter (standard) | 34.012-34.024 mm (1.3391-1.3395 in) | |
| Crankshaft main journal diameter: | 69.994-70.000 mm (2.7557-2.7559 in) | |
| Crankpin diameter: | 58.994-59.000 mm (2.3226-2.3228 in) | |
| Crankshaft centre distance: | 46.9 mm (1.845 in) | |
Cylinder head | |
| Cylinder head alloy | Aluminium |
| Valve Arrangement: | DOHC |
| Valves: | 16 (4 valves per cylinder) |
| Intake valves diameter: | 30.5 mm (1.2677 in) |
| Exhaust valves diameter: | 26.5 mm (1.0945 in) |
| Intake valves length: | 105.38-105.78 mm (4.1488-4.1646 in) |
| Exhaust valves length: | 105.57-105.97 mm (4.1563-4.172 in) |
| Intake valve stem diameter: | 5.970-5.985 mm (0.235-0.2356 in) |
| Exhaust valves stem diameter: | 5.960-5.975 mm (0.2346-0.2352 in) |
| Camshaft journal diameter: | 27.969-27.985 mm (1.1011-1.1018 in) |
| Intake cam lobe height: | 46.830-46.930 mm (1.8437-1.8476 in) |
| Exhaust cam lobe height: | 46.870-46.970 mm (1.8453-1.8492 in) |
Maintenance Data
Valve clearance (Cold) | |
| Intake valve | 0.20-0.30 mm (0.0079-0.0118 in) |
| Exhaust valve | 0.35-0.45 mm (0.0138-0.0177 in) |
Compression pressure | |
| Standard | 27.5 kg/m2 (2,700 kPa, 391 psi) / 250 rpm |
| Minimun | 22.5 kg/m2 (2,200 kPa, 320 psi) / 250 rpm |
| Compression differential limit between cylinders | 5.0 kg/m2 (500 kPa, 71 psi) / 250 rpm |
Oil system | |
| Oil type: | API CF-4 or CF, CE, CD |
| Recommended engine oil | SAE 10W-30, 5W-30, 15W-40, 20W-50 |
| Engine oil capacity | Dry fill: 8.0 L (8.5 US qt, 7.0 Imp. qt) With oil filter change: 7.5 L (7.9 US qt, 6.6 Imp. qt) Without oil filter change: 6.8 L (7.2 US qt, 6.0 Imp. qt) |
| Engine oil pressure | At idle speed: 29 kPa (0.3 kg/cm2, 4.2 psi) At 4,500 rpm: 245 kPa (2.5 kg/cm2, 36 psi) |
Vehicle Applications
| Model | Years Produced |
| Toyota Hilux | – |
| Toyota Dyna | – |
| Toyota Toyo Ace | – |
| Toyota Hiace | – |
| Toyota Innova | – |
| Toyota Fortuner | – |
Toyota 2KD-FTV Engine (2.5 D-4D) Problems
The following faults are not universal to all Toyota KD engines, but we have found them to be among the most frequently seen on both the 1KD-FTV and 2KD-FTV models.
Toyota KD Cracked Pistons
There are many different reasons why pistons in diesel engines can crack. A dirty fuel injector is one of the most common causes of a cracked piston in a KD engine.
Using low-quality fuel will directly cause pistons to wear down and crack over time.
Incorrect exhaust gas recirculation, which can cause a number of engine problems, is another thing that can cause pistons to crack.
Again, this is a very important reminder to always use good oil and do regular maintenance to make an engine last longer.
Some of the most common signs that a Toyota KD engine has cracked pistons are:
- The engine bay is giving off smoke.
- The engine won’t start.
- The engine got too hot.
- The sound of a piston (sometimes called “piston slap”)
- Acceleration is slow, and the engine doesn’t work well.
Injector problems or failure on 1KD and 2KD rails
The rail injectors in Toyota KD engines are notoriously susceptible to water contamination, which can lead to a variety of issues.
When there’s too much water in the fuel, it prevents the engine’s moving parts from being properly lubricated and causes corrosion and wear.
Excess water in gasoline is triggered by two main factors: fuel contamination and inadequate fuel filtering.
Issues with the common rail injectors can snowball into a host of other issues with the engine, increasing the likelihood that the engine will need to be replaced altogether.
Rail.
When Toyota KD engines have problems with their rail injectors, the most common signs are:
- Check engine light
- The engine bay is giving off smoke.
- The engine won’t start.
- Short times to come back to life
Toyota 2KD-FTV Engine (2.5 D-4D) Reliability
Toyota’s KD diesel engines aren’t always the most reliable option available. While the Toyota KD engines aren’t as reliable as their 1KZ predecessors, they make up for it by using less gas and producing greater power.
Both series of KD diesel engines seem prone to a variety of faults, including faulty injectors that cause a rough idle, excessive oil consumption, and knocking upon cold starts.
The 2KD-FTV is more reliable than the 1KD-FTV engines it replaced.
For this reason, we can only give the Toyota KD engines a middling reliability rating due to the high probability of major issues.
We couldn’t give the Toyota KD a higher-than-average rating due to the high number of reports of the need for substantial repairs occurring well before the first 100,000 miles were driven.
Toyota 2KD-FTV Engine (2.5 D-4D) Review
The 2KD-FTV is an incredibly regarded engine because of its durability, reliability as well and fuel economy. It is also renowned for its acceleration and power. The engine can produce 200 Nm of torque when it is in the naturally aspirated model as well as 118 horsepower and the equivalent of 260 Nm of torque when it is in its turbocharged intercooled version. For a full review, please check this YouTube video Here.
Toyota 2KD-FTV Engine (2.5 D-4D) FAQ
Is 2KD a good engine?
The 2KD-FTV, which was intended to address many of the issues we talked about, has gained a more favourable reputation than its predecessor, the first-generation engine.
The high output and low fuel consumption of this diesel have been praised by many Toyota fans.
What is 2KD-FTV?
The 2002 Toyota HiAce, powered by the 2KD-FTV, was introduced to the UK in November 2001.
It is the second generation of the KD series of engines and has a smaller 2.5 L (2,494 cc) displacement, producing either 66 kW (88 bhp) at 3,800 rpm and 192 Nm (142 lb-ft; 20 kg) at 1,200-3,000 rpm, or 76 kW (102 bhp) at 3,000 rpm.
Does a Toyota D-4D have a turbo?
Electronically controlled variable vanes (VNT Technology) in the turbocharger power the Toyota D-4D Hilux, Land Cruiser Prado, and Hiace Van/Bus.
This “motor” regulates boost by adjusting the vanes within the turbo’s turbine.
What is FTV engine?
Incorporating a variable nozzle turbocharger (VNT), chain drive, and intercooler, the 1GD-FTV is a 2,755 cc (2.8 L) straight-4 common rail diesel engine.
Who makes the D-4D engine?
Toyota Motor Corporation’s proprietary direct fuel injection system is known as D-4D. Also, this is the abbreviation for Toyota diesel engines that have this technology installed.